Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association 1990;28(3):67-85.
논문편 : 한국주거형태 변천과정에서 본 주거학의 생태학적 개념정립 - 제1부 부엌변천 -
윤복자
연세대학교 생활과학대학 주생활학과
Development of Housing Conceptual Framework through Changes in Korean Family Houses -Kitchen Lifespace(I)-
윤복자
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was (1) to investigate changes in house and kitchen forms and behaviors in the kitchen area of Korean family houses from the Yi-dynasty to the present, and (2) to develop a housing conceptual framework on the basis of the ecosystem approach through analysis of changes in Korean family houses. The documentary research method wad used fro this study. The major findings were that the traditional Korean houses were composed of separate buildings and had various floor levels with the maru(a wooden floor) as the center of the open plan. The introduction of foreign style house forms from the era of enlightenment, in the year 1876 to the Korean war in 1950 changed traditional Korean houses into Korean-western style houses. More recent increased population and urbanization accelerated to change from the traditional Korean house form to an apartment style. At the present time, however, many kinds of house forms, from a highly modernized style with convenient facilities to a primitive style, which cannot even meet the basis needs of daily life, coexist together. The Kitchens in traditional Korean houses had no plumbing, drainage, or work centers. They had simple adobe furnaces which were used for cooking and for heating the ondol, a kind of panel heated floor by which the heat and smoke run under the floor to the chimney. This made the kitchen floor level lower than the floors of other spaces. The residents entered the kitchen through the madang(atrium). The influence of the western style kitchen, the development of technology, and improvements of nation-wide economic status have made today's kitchen space covenient and hygienic. The floor level of the kitchen was raised to the same level of other spaces. Formerly the major function of the kitchen was raised to the same level of other spaces. Formerly the major function of the kitchen space was cooking and heating floors. This had changed, and the kitchen is now, the place for family and social interaction. A housing conceptual framework was developed on the basis of these findings.
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